计算机科学与探索

• 学术研究 •    下一篇

物联网中虚拟网络功能转发图算法设计

任诚, 刘静, 王宇, 李亚鑫, 李红伟   

  1. 1. 西南石油大学 电气信息学院,  成都 610500
    2. 电子科技大学 信息与通信工程学院,  成都 611731

Virtual Network Function Forwarding Graph Design in IoT networks

REN Cheng,  LIU Jing,  WANG Yu,  LI Yaxin,  LI Hongwei   

  1. 1. School of Electrical Engineering and Information, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
    2. School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China

摘要: 近年来,物联网的迅速发展和其终端数量的爆炸式增长对物联网网络服务提出了更高要求。结合网络功能虚拟化(NFV)和软件定义网络(SDN)技术,对新一代物联网服务功能虚拟化和软件化,可以将网络服务表示为虚拟网络功能转发图(VNF-FG)。现有的研究主要关注VNF-FG 嵌入(VNF-FGE)问题,把VNF-FG作为确定输入,忽略了VNF-FG的设计问题;又或者在设计VNF部署算法时,没有充分利用VNF-FG的图结构,使算法有一定局限性。因此,该文研究VNF-FG有向无环图(DAG)设计问题。针对一组到达物联网终端的服务请求,首先设计约束,建立一个整数线性规划(ILP)模型生成最优无环VNF-FG;然后以最小化虚拟节点总数为目标,提出一种高效的虚拟网络功能转发无环图设计算法,充分利用已有虚拟节点,并找出导致成环的关键VNF实例,通过反向增扩恰当数量的关键VNF以消除VNF-FG中的环路,在保证无环和最小化虚拟节点数量之间进行折中。实验结果表明,该算法与ILP模型之间的差距很小;与其他已有算法相比,在不同SFC请求数量下,该算法生成的虚拟节点个数平均降低了17.67%。

关键词: 网络功能虚拟化, 物联网, 整数线性规划, 虚拟网络功能转发图

Abstract: Combined with network function virtualization (NFV) and software defined network (SDN) technology, the virtualization and softwarization of the new generation of IoT services can be represented as a virtual network function forwarding graph (VNF-FG). For the design problem of the VNF-FG directed acyclic graph (DAG), for a set of service requests reaching IoT terminals, the first step is to design the cycle constraint and establish an integer linear programming (ILP) model to generate the optimal acyclic VNF-FG. At the same time, a high-efficiency acyclic graph design algorithm for virtual network function forwarding is proposed, with the objective of minimizing the total number of virtual nodes. Simulation results show that the difference between the proposed algorithm and the ILP model is small, and compared with other existing algorithms, the average number of virtual nodes generated by the proposed algorithm is reduced by 17.67% for different SFC request quantities.

Key words: network function virtualization, internet of things, integer linear programming, virtual network function forwarding graph