结合二次聚类编码的生成式可逆信息隐藏方法

doi:10.3778/j.issn.1673-9418.1910073

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为避免纹理生成式信息隐藏和马赛克拼图式信息隐藏存在的拼接痕迹和产生有意义图像，并提高抗攻击能力，提出一种结合二次聚类编码的生成式可逆信息隐藏方法。将不同灰度阶随机二值噪点小块作为候选样本小块，由二次聚类编码筛选出用于二值秘密信息表示的编码样本小块。然后结合随机二值参考图和嵌密位置来放置编码样本小块以生成含密掩体。在提取时，按二次聚类编码产生编码样本小块，结合参考图和嵌密位置提取秘密信息。所提方法不产生拼接痕迹，也不涉及任何修改式嵌入，可生成视觉质量良好的有意义图像并可无损地恢复为原掩体。所提方法具有较好的抗攻击能力，且嵌入和提取过程完全依赖于用户密钥，具有较高的安全性。

关键词: 生成式信息隐藏, 马赛克拼图, 二次聚类编码, 可逆, 无修改

Abstract:

In texture generating-based information hiding and mosaic-based information hiding, there always exist stitching traces. To avoid these stitching traces and produce meaningful image and further improve attack abilities, a reversible generating information hiding method through quadratic clustering coding is proposed. The proposed method takes random two-value noise patches as candidate sample patches and selects coding sample patches for representing two-value secret information through quadratic clustering coding. The stego cover image is produced by placing coding sample patches according to a random two-value reference image and embedding positions. In extraction, the coding sample patches are generated by quadratic clustering coding, and then the two-value secret information is extracted by combining the two-value reference image and random embedding positions. The proposed method can generate meaningful images with fantastic visual quality without any splicing trace or modification embedding. The cover image can be completely restored to the original image without loss of quality. The proposed method has wonderful anti-attack abilities, and the embedding and extraction process is entirely dependent on the user key, therefore it has high security.

Key words: generating information hiding, mosaic, quadratic clustering coding, reversible, no modification

赵迪，邵利平，任平安. 结合二次聚类编码的生成式可逆信息隐藏方法[J]. 计算机科学与探索, 2020, 14(11): 1849-1864.

ZHAO Di, SHAO Liping, REN Ping'an. Reversible Generating Information Hiding Method Through Quadratic Clustering Coding[J]. Journal of Frontiers of Computer Science and Technology, 2020, 14(11): 1849-1864.

参考文献

[1] Yang T Y, Chen H S. Matrix embedding in steganography with binary reed-muller codes[J]. IET Image Processing, 2017, 11(7): 522-529.
[2] Mao B H, Wang Z C, Zhang X P. Asymmetric JPEG stega-nography based on correlation in DCT domain[J]. Computer Science, 2019, 46(1): 196-200. 毛炳华, 王子驰, 张新鹏. 基于DCT域相关性的非对称JPEG隐写[J]. 计算机科学, 2019, 46(1): 196-200.
[3] Shao L P, Le Z F. (t, s, k, n) image sharing sheme with multi-version backups and restricted double authentications [J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2019, 47(2): 390-403. 邵利平, 乐志芳. 多版本备份和限制性双重认证主密钥(t, s, k, n)图像分存[J]. 电子学报, 2019, 47(2): 390-403.
[4] Su Q T, Chen B J. Robust color image watermarking technique in the spatial domain[J]. Soft Computing, 2018, 22(1): 91-106.
[5] Zhou Z L, Sun H Y, Harit R, et al. Coverless image steganography without embedding[C]//LNCS 9483: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Cloud Computing and Security, Nanjing, Aug 13-15, 2015. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2015: 123-132.
[6] Yuan C S, Xia Z H, Sun X M. Coverless image steganography based on SIFT and BOF[J]. Journal of Internet Technology, 2017, 18(2): 435-442.
[7] Zhou Z L, Cao Y, Sun X M. Coverless information hiding based on bag-of-words model of image[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2016, 34(5): 527-536. 周志立, 曹燚, 孙星明. 基于图像Bag-of-Words模型的无载体信息隐藏[J]. 应用科学学报, 2016, 34(5): 527-536.
[8] Xu J Y, Mao X Y, Jin X G, et al. Hidden message in a deformation-based texture[J]. The Visual Computer, 2015, 31(12): 1653-1669.
[9] Qian Z X, Pan L, Li S, et al. Steganography by constructing marbling texture[C]//LNCS 11066: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Security, Haikou, Jun 8-10, 2018. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2018: 428-439.
[10] Qian Z X, Zhou H, Zhang W M, et al. Robust steganography using texture synthesis[C]//Proceedings of the Advances in Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China, Nov 21-23, 2016. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2017: 25-33.
[11] Wu K C, Wang C M. Steganography using reversible texture synthesis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2015, 24(1): 130-139.
[12] Li G L, Shao L P, Ren P A. Generation information hiding method combining difference clustering and error texture synthesis[J]. Journal of Image and Graphic, 2019, 24(12): 2126-2148. 李国利, 邵利平, 任平安. 差异聚类和误差纹理合成的生成式信息隐藏[J]. 中国图象图形学报, 2019, 24(12): 2126-2148.
[13] Lai I J, Tsai W H. Secret-fragment-visible mosaic image: a new computer art and its application to information hiding[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2011, 6(3): 936-945.
[14] Zhai S Y, Li F, Chang C C, et al. A meaningful scheme for sharing secret images using mosaic images[J]. International Journal of Network Security, 2015, 17(5): 643-649.
[15] Singhavi D G, Chatur P N. A new method for creation of secret- fragment-visible-mosaic image for secure communication[C]//Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Innovations in Information, Embedded and Communication Systems, Coimbatore, Mar 19-20, 2015. Piscataway: IEEE, 2015: 1-5.
[16] Liu X K, Yao H, Qin C. Improved reversible image camouflage method based on image block classification threshold optimization[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2018, 36(2): 237-246. 刘小凯, 姚恒, 秦川. 基于图像块分类阈值优化的改进可逆图像伪装[J]. 应用科学学报, 2018, 36(2): 237-246.
[17] Wang Y, Shao L P, Lu H. Generative camouflage method combined with block rotation and photo mosaic[J]. Journal of Image and Graphic, 2020, 25(1): 43-59. 王洋, 邵利平, 陆海. 结合块旋转和马赛克拼图的生成式伪装方法[J]. 中国图象图形学报, 2020, 25(1): 43-59.