Abstract: The low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy （LEACH） protocol is one of the early and integrated wireless sensor network protocols. Based on the LEACH， a new kind of immune architecture using the biological immunity principle is proposed， which can be used in wireless sensor network （WSN）. In order to build this architecture， the backup cluster head election algorithm is also proposed based on coverage， the immune response algorithm with embedded digital genes and the conversion mechanisms for state nodes. The introduction of backup cluster head reduces the damage of the entire cluster caused by malicious cluster head. Through the cooperation of each function node， the immune response algorithm can defend against the intrusion from the malicious node and minimize the influence of malevolence data. The simulation validates the effectiveness of the architecture that it doesn’t reduce the network lifetime and meanwhile improves the security.

Key words: wireless sensor network （WSN）, low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy （LEACH） protocol, biolo-gical immune principle, state transition

摘要： LEACH协议是提出较早、较为完整的无线传感器网络协议之一。在LEACH协议的基础上，借鉴生物免疫系统的原理，提出了一种新的适用于无线传感器网络的免疫体系结构。为构建这个体系，提出了基于覆盖面的备份簇头选举算法，嵌入数字基因的免疫应答算法，以及各状态节点的转换机制。备份簇头的引入，大大降低了恶意簇头对整个簇造成的破坏，免疫应答算法通过各功能节点的相互协作，能够有效地抵御恶意节点的攻击，减小和消除恶意数据的影响。仿真验证了该体系的有效性，在提高了安全性的同时，并不影响网络的生命期。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, LEACH协议, 生物免疫原理, 状态转换