Abstract: Network requirements are evolved from data communications between two hosts to accessing a large amount of information through networks. The current Internet uses address-centric network communication model, which is suitable for the communications between hosts but not efficient in the communications between hosts and networks. Given this fact, information-centric networking (ICN) becomes the hot spot to meet the new requirements. Firstly, this paper presents the basic idea of ICN, analyzes the features of ICN, and classifies different ICN approaches, including the following aspects: naming, resolving, routing and caching. Secondly, this paper summarizes the five key technologies in ICN which are naming, resolving, routing, distribution and caching, and then analyzes and evaluates the existing ICN schemes. Finally, several key issues in ICN are discussed and future directions are pointed out.

Key words: information-centric networking (ICN), information naming, information cache, ICN classification, content-centric networking (CCN)

摘要： 网络需求由主机到主机的通信演进为主机到网络的海量信息访问。现有互联网采用以地址为中心的网络通信模型，适用于主机到主机的通信，在主机到网络的通信中效率不高。为了满足新的网络需求，信息中心网络（information-centric networking，ICN）成为研究热点。阐述了ICN的基本思想，分析了ICN的特点，并从命名、路由、分发和缓存四方面对ICN进行了分类；总结了ICN采用的五类关键技术，即信息命名、名字解析、路由转发、信息分发和信息缓存技术；对现有ICN方案进行了总结、分析和评价；给出了ICN研究中仍存在的问题和未来的研究方向。

关键词: 信息中心网络（ICN）, 信息命名, 信息缓存, ICN分类, 内容中心网络（CCN）