Abstract: Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent-functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging （BOLD-fMRI）， as a non-invasive medical imaging technique， can illustrate the changes of different brain local regions with high spatial-temporal resolution as well as precisely locate the special functional brain regions. Therefore， this technique has been widely used in the research area of modern neuroscience especially cognitive neuroscience. Many major discoveries and breakthroughs in modern cognitive neurosciences attribute to the application of BOLD-fMRI. The latest research progress in some hotspot areas of cognitive neuroscience is mainly discussed.

Key words: Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent-functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging（BOLD-fMRI）, cognitive neuroscience, brain

摘要： BOLD-fMRI作为一种非侵入性的成像技术，不但能以高时空分辨率实时地呈现大脑不同区域的活动变化，而且能够客观、精确地定位具有特殊反映的功能脑区，因此在现代神经科学尤其是认知神经科学领域得到了广泛地应用，取得了许多重大发现和突破。主要介绍和讨论BOLD-fMRI在认知神经科学几个热点领域的最新研究进展。

关键词: 功能磁共振成像, 认知神经科学, 脑