Abstract: This paper studies formal concept analysis reversely. In this case, the study will start with a set of implications instead of a formal context or a multi-valued context. Specifically, reverse study firstly obtains a set of implications from related domains, then extracts formal context, the set of intents and concept lattice by transforming the implication set, and verifies or completes the domain knowledge. Also, reverse study can form a multi-valued context by selecting domains-related scales, and verifies or completes the domain knowledge by the multi-valued context. Following this idea, this paper gives a set of implications and obtains a series of formal contexts. The implications may be consistent or associated with the formal contexts. This paper also presents some conditions to identify the relationship between the implications and the formal contexts.

Key words: formal concept analysis (FCA), reverse study, consistent, associated

摘要： 指出了形式概念分析（formal concept analysis，FCA）的另一研究方向——逆向研究。与经典研究方法最大的不同在于逆向研究始于蕴涵，而非形式背景。一般过程为：首先由领域知识得到一个蕴涵集合；其次根据蕴涵集合得到形式背景、内涵集及概念格；最后可以参考形式背景对领域知识进行验证或者补充，还可以依据领域特点，由得到的形式背景通过选用不同的梯级方式来得到多个多值背景，并使用得到的多值背景来对领域知识进行验证或者补充。据此，定义了逆向研究的两个基本概念：协调和关联，得出了蕴涵协调形式背景的充要条件和蕴涵关联形式背景的充要条件。

关键词: 形式概念分析（FCA）, 逆向研究, 关联, 协调