Integrated Sensing, Communication and Computing: Key Technologies, Challenges, and Future Trends

doi:10.3778/j.issn.1673-9418.2412035

Abstract

Abstract: In the construction of a future highly integrated physical and digital world, the deep integration of communication, sensing, and computing has become a key technology for next-generation intelligent networks. Focusing on integrated sensing, communication and computing (ISCC) technology, this paper systematically analyzes its theoretical and practical value. Starting from technological evolution and emerging requirements, the paper clarifies the key role of ISCC in enhancing system intelligence, reducing latency, and optimizing resource utilization, particularly its necessity in meeting emerging business requirements such as immersive extended reality (XR), holographic communication, and autonomous driving. The paper deeply explores the core technical architecture of ISCC, including wireless sensing, multimodal sensing, mobile edge computing, and the deep fusion mechanisms of sensing and communication, reveals its innovative application scenarios in digital twin networks, computing power networks, and space-air-ground integrated networks, demonstrates its advantages in high-precision sensing, efficient data processing, and real-time communication. The paper systematically examines the multi-dimensional challenges faced by ISCC technology in actual deployment, such as the complexity of system architecture design, optimization difficulties in air interface protocols, the dynamic nature of resource management and control, the severity of data security and privacy protection, and the complexity of multi-source interference management. The paper also provides a forward-looking perspective on future research directions, and emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary theoretical innovation, standardization advancement, and systematic simulation validation.

Key words: integrated sensing, communication and computing (ISCC), 6G mobile networks, wireless sensing technology, multimodal sensing, mobile edge computing

摘要： 在构建未来高度融合的物理与数字世界中，通信、感知与计算的深度整合已成为下一代智能网络的关键技术。聚焦于通信-感知-计算融合（ISCC）技术，系统剖析了其理论与应用价值。从技术演进和新兴需求出发，明确了ISCC在提升系统智能化、降低时延和优化资源利用方面的关键作用，尤其是在满足沉浸式扩展现实（XR）、全息通信和自动驾驶等新兴业务需求中的必要性；深入探讨了ISCC的核心技术体系，包括无线感知、多模态感知、移动边缘计算和感知与通信的深度融合机制，并揭示了其在数字孪生网络、算力网络和空天地一体化网络中的创新应用场景，展示了其在高精度感知、高效数据处理和实时通信方面的优势；系统梳理了ISCC技术在实际部署中面临的多维度挑战，如体系架构设计复杂性、空口协议优化难题、资源管控动态性、数据安全与隐私保护严峻性以及多源干扰管理复杂性，并展望了未来研究方向，强调了跨学科理论创新、标准化推进和系统性仿真验证的重要性。

关键词: 通信-感知-计算融合（ISCC）, 6G移动网络, 无线感知技术, 多模态感知, 移动边缘计算

LIU Zhuang, WU Yuhe, CHEN Yuran, LIU Ruitong, DONG Yanning, ZHAO Jun. Integrated Sensing, Communication and Computing: Key Technologies, Challenges, and Future Trends[J]. Journal of Frontiers of Computer Science and Technology, 2025, 19(9): 2273-2301.

刘壮, 吴宇赫, 陈雨然, 刘芮彤, 董晏宁, 赵军. 通信-感知-计算融合：关键技术、挑战与未来趋势[J]. 计算机科学与探索, 2025, 19(9): 2273-2301.

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